This collection of nineteen original papers is about what actually happens in language classrooms. The authors utilize a variety of research methods, with an emphasis on the collection and analysis of qualitative data. Chapters investigate such issues as language-related anxiety, curriculum renewal, classroom interaction, teachersŐ on-line decision-making, and sociopolitical concerns. Among the countries represented in the research are Australia, Hong Kong, Hungary, Japan, Mexico, Peru, South Africa, Spain, Oman, and the United States.