This book represents the definitive robotic CIRURGIA atlas, containing didactic material necessary to facilitate effective practice in CIRURGIA and to provide learning tools in these methods both to practicing surgeons and to those in training. It defines the complete operative pathway for each procedure for surgeons who wish to be a complete robotic cardiothoracic surgeon and includes hints and procedural pitfalls derived from the experiences of chapter contributors. The Atlas of Robotic CIRURGIA is illustrated with high quality illustrations and color photographs from surgical operations and contains expert analysis from leading surgeons who provide the key visual features of their chosen topics. Anesthetic and cardiopulmonary support preparation for each operation are included and selected references are provided to emphasize evidence-based outcomes.