The book Sugar Cane Bioethanol: R&D for productivity and sustainability is a collection of written texts originating from Fapesp Ethanol Public Policies Project PPP workshops, and also from authors who were invited for their research relevance related to the ethanol subject. This publication accomplishes the first phase of the project started in 2005 and has been developed through several workshops all over the country. The book Sugar Cane Bioethanol: R&D for productivity and sustainability will help young researchers at this important time worldwide, when the sugar cane represents an interest focus based on obtaining liquid fuels, bio-products (plastic and others) as well as bioelectricity. At the conclusion of the book, registered that the final message of innovation, as well as the Brazilian and worldwide so desired socio-economic development, is of great importance and will only happen due to a new high level human resources generation. People is sine qua non for innovation; and therefore, at this time, if there is one area or topic where itīs really worth investing in - it is human resources generation at all levels. On top of everything, it is essential to invest in people willing to work, grow and connect their future to sugar cane ethanol as well as to the future of the country. The publication of the book in the English and Portuguese versions represents a great accomplishment we long to share with the scientific community connected with sugar cane raw material, generator of real human and technological innovations.