Understanding and utilizing the interactions between environment and nanoscale materials is a new way to resolve the increasingly challenging environmental issues we are facing and will continue to face. Environanotechnology is the nanoscale technology developed for monitoring the quality of the environment, treating water and wastewater, as well as controlling air pollutants. Therefore, the applications of nanotechnology in environmental engineering have been of great interest to many fields and consequently a fair amount of research on the use of nanoscale materials for dealing with environmental issues has been conducted.