A state-of-the-art reference work exploring the crucial topics for practitioners and scholars of language teaching and assessment, their impact on language learners, and specific approaches to assessment employed around the world Includes 140 thematically-organized chapters exploring the contexts where assessment occurs, including learners and their abilities; developmental tools and approaches to assessment; and qualitative and quantitative interdisciplinary approaches to evaluation and language assessment in 35 languages Brings together an international team of scholars under the editorship of Antony John Kunnan, one of the foremost scholars in this field Combines the leading voices and cutting-edge research in a reference work spanning the fields of language teaching and learning, language policy and planning, testing and evaluation, and education