1. Prologue: an introduction to microbial mats. 2. Structures left by modern microbial mats in their host sediments. 3. Classification of structures left by microbial mats in their host sediments. 4. Mat features in sandstones. 5. Microbial mats on muddy substrates  examples of possible sedimentary features and underlying processes. 6. Discussion of some problems: unusual features and the importance of terminology. 7. Examples of stratigraphic units bearing outstanding mat features. 8. New developments in research on microbial mats.9. Palaeoenvironmental and chronological relationships of mat-related features, and sequence stratigraphic implications of microbial mats. 10. Conclusions.