This handbook is a reference source for identifying, characterizing, instructing on use, and describing outcomes of neurotoxin treatments   to understand mechanisms associated with toxin use; to project outcomes of neurotoxin treatments; to gauge neurotoxins as predictors of events leading to neurodegenerative disorders and as aids to rational use of neurotoxins to model disease entities. Neuroprotection is approached in different manners including those 1) afforded by therapeutic agents   clinical and preclinical; or 2) by non-drug means, such as exercise. The amorphous term  neurotoxin  is discussed in terms of the possible eventuality of a neuroprotectant producing an outcome of excess neuronal survival and a behavioral spectrum that might produce a dysfunction   akin to a neurotoxin s effect.